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Elevator — 2023-12-30 12:44:08
…e url="TeagleLift.jpg" class="left" title="Teagle Lift" width="450" }} Next came the “Teagle”, a steam driven lift, which was built by two architects in 1835. English architects Stutt and Frost built the Teagle to have a belt and a counterwe…
FAX — 2023-10-09 23:52:19
…achine" width="450" }} == Improvements == Frederick Bakewell went on to improve the concept with his "Image Telegraph" which he demonstrated at the 1851 World's Fair in London. Many improvements came along and eventually the FAX machine becam…
Vacuum Flask — 2023-10-09 23:46:28
…n vacuum of his day. {{Image url="Thermos-and-cup.gif" title="Vacuum principle." }} It was his work at low temperatures which led to the idea of the thermos or vacuum flask. His invention was brought to consumers in '''**1904**''' when it was re…
Modern Farming — 2023-10-09 23:44:30
…d be made at a proper depth. The seed would be dropped in. The hole would be covered over by a harrow (a trailing bar), which gathered soil and evenly deposited it over the seeds. The machine, horse or ox drawn would then move to the next positi…
Phototherapy — 2023-10-09 23:41:51
…mature baby outside. When she returned to the unit, the baby was a pale yellow except for a small bright yellow section which had been covered up by the baby’s sheet. The nurse suggested it had been caused by the sun, but her suggestion was no…
…ter sitting in the sun, the sample measurements were below 14 mg/100 mL so a fresh blood sample was taken and analysed which read 24 mg/100 mL. The blood sitting on the windowsill was measured again, and read even lower, at 9 mg/100 mL. This …
Computer — 2023-10-09 23:40:16
…de, the then Curator of Computing. This was to celebrate the 200th anniversary of Babbage's birth. In 2000, the printer which Babbage originally designed for the difference engine was also completed. Both functioned perfectly. ===Electronic Age…
Cat Eyes — 2023-10-09 23:39:36
…of four glass beads placed in two pairs facing in opposite directions, embedded within a flexible '''rubber moulding''' which was mounted on a '''cast iron base'''. The device was buried in the road and fixed in position with asphalt. When vehic…
Steam Engine — 2023-10-08 00:19:36
… up ropes to automate the process.) '''Humphrey Gainsborough''' produced a model condensing steam engine in the 1760s, which he showed to '''Richard Lovell Edgeworth''', a member of the Lunar Society. In **1769** '''James Watt''', another membe…
…d. And he coined the term **horsepower** when describing his engines saying that they 'could do the work of six horses' which we still use to describe the power of a car for example. @@{{image url="WattSteamEngine.jpg" class="" title="Watt Stea…
…ere many early disasters. The most important refinement to the high pressure engine at this point was the safety valve, which releases excess pressure. Reliable and safe operation came only with a great deal of experience and codification of con…
Radar — 2023-10-08 00:18:51
…ess. On** April 2, 1935** Watson-Watt was granted a patent for radar. By June they were detecting aircraft at 17 miles, which was enough to stop all work on competing sound-based detection systems. By the end of the year the range was up to **60…
… miles**, at which point plans were made in December to set up five stations covering the approaches to London. One of these stations was…
…dar.jpg" class="right" }} The problem was not the radar, but the flow of information from the trackers to the fighters, which took many steps and was very slow. Watson-Watt immediately attacked this problem, and set up the system with several la…
Air Traffic Control — 2023-10-07 10:51:35
…ir Traffic Control Tower. {{TOC}} Croydon Airport grew out of Beddington Aerodrome. This opened in 1915 as a base from which planes attempted to defend London from German Zeppelins. After the war two aerodromes were combined to become Croydon A…
Hovercraft — 2023-10-07 09:48:35
…== War Years == During the war years Cockerell worked with an elite team at Marconi to develop [[RADAR]], a development which Churchill believed had a significant effect on the outcome of the Second World War, and Cockerell believed to be one of…
… his greatest achievements. Whilst at Marconi, Cockerell patented 36 of his ideas for which he was paid just £10 each. {{Image url="Hovercraft.jpg" class="right" width="" title="Cross channel ferry hovercraft.…
…oat on a cushion of air, thus reducing the effect of the water drag. After many trials he successfully designed a craft which proved his ideas were correct. He was not surprised. The modified punt he used had a special pump to blow high pressure…
WorldWideWeb — 2023-09-23 15:57:32
…re consultant at CERN ( the famous European Particle physics Laboratory in Geneva). He wrote a program, called Enquire, which he called a "memory substitute," for his personal use to help him remember connections between various people and proje…
…om the CERN site. His dream of a global information space was finally happening. The web yet another British invention which has help to shrink the globe in communications. Yet Tim did not patent his idea he made it available to all. In 2007 t…
Telephone — 2023-09-23 15:57:07
…ransmitter" width="400" }} His father, who taught deaf people how to speak, invented "Visible Speech". This was a code which showed how the tongue, lips, and throat were positioned to make speech sounds. Graham, or "Aleck", as his family called…
…of tuberculosis. Bell himself had the disease and his father moved the family to Canada looking for a better climate in which to live. Bell recovered from the disease. Two years later he went to Boston to open a school for teachers of the deaf …
Telegraph — 2023-09-23 15:56:52
…phic apparatus in Europe. He could see that this system was more advanced than his own system but needed a 5 core cable which would prove too expensive for the distances involved in the USA. ::c:: == Britain and Beyond == The success of the Co…
Stereo — 2023-09-23 15:56:38
…her as they moved across the picture, the vocal track stayed anchored to the single mono speaker reproducing the audio, which gave unsatisfactory and disorienting results. Blumlein wanted to find a way to make the sound follow the actor across …
…ncepts included: - The use of a coincident pair of velocity microphones with their axes at right angles to each other, which is still known as a "Blumlein Pair". - Recording two channels in the single groove of a record using the two groove wa…
…year. His system for cinematic use was completed by 1935. Blumlein made short test films ( "Trains At Hayes Station", which lasts 5 minutes 11 seconds, and, "The Walking & Talking Film"), his original intent of having the sound follow the acto…
Radio — 2023-09-23 15:56:24
…y.jpg" title="Marconi Factory" class="right" width="250" }} Marconi established The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company which became the Marconi Company. On 17 December 1902, a transmission from the Marconi station in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, Ca…
LCD — 2023-09-23 15:53:09
…phenyl**. This resulting liquid crystal was less viscous, thereby providing faster response times and more transparent, which produced a pure-white colour display for the first time. == Re-invent the Display == {{Image url="LCDweather.jpg" cla…
…al materials known then had to be heated to 70ºC or more, usually decomposed in a few minutes and were rather viscous, which made their response sluggish. Invariably they comprised two benzene rings joined by a double, or triple, bond linkage t…
Electric Motor — 2023-09-23 15:52:02
…ectromagnet**. He displayed its power by lifting nine pounds with a seven-ounce piece of iron wrapped with wire through which a current from a single battery was sent. == Motor == {{image url="Modern_Electric_Motor.jpg" class="right" width="250…
…illiam Ritchie. In 1830, Sturgeon produced a vastly improved form of battery – known as the amalgamated zinc battery which had a longer battery life than that produced by Italian innovator Volta. Sturgeon could now power his strong electro-m…
… of the electrode. Sturgeon developed a long lasting battery that consisted of a single cell cylinder of cast iron into which a cylinder of amalgamated rolled zinc was placed. Discs located between the cast iron cell and the cylinder of zinc pre…
Electric Generator — 2023-09-23 12:04:37
…n from the circular magnetic force around a wire. Ten years later, in 1831, he began his great series of experiments in which he discovered electromagnetic induction. These experiments form the basis of modern electromagnetic technology. == In…
Digital Photography — 2023-09-23 12:04:21
…8 Dr Tompsett invented the un-cooled Pyro-electric thermal-imaging camera tube. He also invented a solid-state version, which is now the basis for thermal imagers made today used by the military for night-vision, by firefighters to see through s…
ATM — 2023-09-23 12:02:41
…itle="First ever ATM Withdrawal by actor Reg Varney" width="300" }}Barclays asked for six cash dispensers, the first of which was installed at a branch in the north London suburb of Enfield on June 27 1967. The actor Reg Varney, star of the ITV …
Electric Car — 2023-08-27 16:16:21
… could learn a lesson here? The **Horseless Car** got off to a slow start in Britain thanks to the “Red Flag Act” which stated that any vehicle not horse drawn must have two drivers and be preceded by a man waving a red flag as a warning t…
Plastic — 2022-09-01 08:57:23
…lluloid called Parkesine == His interest in the newly formed [[rubber]] industry led to the invention of a new material which he called '''Parkesine'''. Parkesine was based on cellulose nitrate and was the first plastic. Parkes observed that the…
Police — 2022-05-20 08:52:50
…e public are the police; the police being only members of the public who are paid to give full-time attention to duties which are incumbent on every citizen in the interests of community welfare and existence. ~1) Police should always direct the…
Cambridge Cream — 2022-05-20 08:48:45
…**. === Trinity College ~1630 === The college in [[Cambridgeshire]] even has an iron with the official college crest which is used to burn the sugar topping. == Recipe == Ingredients Serves: 4-6 *600 ml Double cream (1 pint) *1 Teaspoon Va…
British Empire — 2022-05-20 08:45:03
…ire was the **largest **empire in history, it covered more than **13,000,000 square miles** (13 million or 33.7Km2), which is approximately a **quarter** of the Earth’s total land area, and controlled more than **530 million people** – al…
YMCA — 2022-05-17 05:19:39
… rules. Interestingly rule 3 states: ^^3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it.^^ One rule forgotten? == Links == [[http://www.ymca.org.uk/ YMCA]] …
Rotating Boat Lift — 2022-05-03 17:19:08
…rk Wheel is an exceptional feat of modern engineering. It was inaugurated in **May 2002** and connects the Union Canal, which is 79 feet above the level of the Forth and Clyde Canal. Prior to the wheel’s construction, the two canals were link…
… canal boats. The boatlift is so finely balanced it takes just 22.5 kilowatts (30.2 hp) to power ten hydraulic motors, which consume just 1.5 kilowatt-hours per half-turn, roughly the same as boiling 8 kettles.…
Cheddar cheese — 2022-05-03 17:03:04
…ngland]]. The cheese was traditionally made in** Cheddar Gorge** on the edge of the village. It has a number of caves, which provide the ideal humidity and temperature for maturing the cheese. === Cheddar Gorge ~1170 === Cheddar Cheese has b…
Loudspeaker — 2021-11-07 21:26:37
…its infancy, but telephone communication was pushing the need for better audio reproduction. Lodge's cone loudspeaker, which he referred to as a "bellowing telephone", used the basic principle of the conventional cone loudspeaker drivers that …
Television — 2021-11-06 16:35:18
…er 438 miles of telephone line between London and Glasgow. He then set up the Baird Television Development Company Ltd, which in 1928 made the first transatlantic television transmission, from '''London''' to '''New York''', and the first televi…
Postage Stamp — 2021-11-06 16:32:56
…ntroduced that would sweep away the bureaucracy and vast amounts of useless labour thus cheapening the whole operation, which would enable the Post Office to fix the postage rate as low as **'One Penny'** this made postage available to the masse…
Charlie Chaplin — 2021-08-20 11:11:51
…Parsons added the lyrics and title in 1954 and sung by Nat King Cole. For Limelight, Chaplin composed "Terry's Theme", which was popularised by Jimmy Young as "Eternally" (1952). "**This Is My Song**", performed by Petula Clark (1967), reached…
MRI Scan — 2021-08-20 11:04:59
…nges that MRI computers process this to construct images. In 1973, Paul Lauterbur showed NMR could produce images from which he could slowly build a picture of the inside of a body. British scientist Peter Mansfield developed the mathematical p…
…economist.com/node/2246166 */ American doctor and scientist Raymond Damadian built a partial body MRI scanner in 1977, which he called the ‘Indomitable’. {{Tag ids="nuclear magnet scan radio image body"}} …
James Bond — 2021-08-20 10:49:07
…t Kitzbühel and went on to study in Munich and Geneva. He had briefly attended the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst which he did not enjoy. == Reuters == He later worked at Reuters. This was a very enjoyable and successful period and he par…
Beatles — 2021-08-20 10:46:43
…ain on 13 October 1963 with a televised appearance at the London Palladium. In the United States **Capitol Records** (which was owned by EMI),** refused **to issue the singles //Love Me Do, Please Please Me// and //From Me To You//, the reason…
Guinness Book of World Records — 2021-08-20 10:45:53
…wery**. He was attending a shooting party in County Wexford, [[Ireland]] where he and his hosts got into a debate about which is the fastest game bird in Europe? {{Image url="NickRossMcWhirter.jpg" class="left" title="Nick & Ross McWhirter" widt…
Atomic Clock — 2021-08-20 10:45:05
…crystal oscillators for precise time measurement. His research led to his development of the quartz ring clock in 1938, which used the electrically induced vibrations of a quartz crystal to measure time. The clock soon become the industry stand…
Intraocular Lens — 2021-08-20 10:40:24
…uma, toxic chemicals or certain diseases such as rubella or diabetes, the proteins that make up the lens become opaque which prevents light from entering the eye and causes **cataracts**. The ancient Greeks used to deal with this condition by…
… Attempts made in the 19th century to replace the lens within the eye with a glass lens failed disastrously. As glass, which is very inert, caused reactions it was decided that such an operation was impossible, and that an artificial lens would…
IVF — 2021-08-16 10:02:09
…t Geoffrey Edwards** along with their nurse-technician, **Jean Purdy** successfully carried out a pioneering conception which resulted in the birth of the **world's first baby** to be conceived by IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation AKA __Test Tube Baby…
Vitamins — 2021-08-16 09:52:16
…etcher entered Caius College, **Cambridge**, in 1890, obtained a scholarship to St. Mary’s Hospital, Paddington, from which he qualified in 1896. He held a resident appointment at the Metropolitan Hospital, and then spent several years in gene…
Automatic Kettle — 2021-08-14 20:44:42
…early electric kettles boil the water by making it live, if the kettle was not switched off in time, it could boil dry, which at best would wreck the kettle, and at worst could cause a fire. ::c:: == 1960 K2 == {{image url="K2_1960.jpg" class=…
…was a bimetallic strip thermostat, and when water boiled, steam was forced through an aperture in the lid to the strip, which knocked the switch off. It was simple but ingenious. Even today examples of the K1 and K2 can be found in regular domes…
Public Park — 2021-08-14 20:30:20
…lutionary modular, prefabricated design and use of glass. It took 2,000 men eight months to build the 'Crystal Palace', which was more than **1848 feet long and 456 feet wide and 135 feet high**. Despite widespread cynicism amongst press and pu…
Modern Olympics — 2021-08-14 20:26:14
…eing held in Greece, funded by a wealthy man named Evangelis Zappas. ==Wenlock Prize== ---- Brookes sent a sum of £10 which the Greek committee decided to award to the winner of the '**long race**' under the name **Wenlock Prize.** This wasn't…
Clouds — 2021-08-14 20:16:00
…ther in the London area from 1801 to 1841. In his late twenties, he wrote the //Essay on the Modification of Clouds,// which was published in **1803**. >>{{amazon type="book" items="033039195X" }}>> {{Image url="CloudNames.jpg" class="left" al…
Saline Drip — 2021-08-12 20:46:29
…ra Hospital basing his experiments on the theories of the Irish Dr William Brooke O'Shaughnessy. The cholera epidemic, which led to severe dehydration, was killing huge numbers of people. After administering the saline rectally had not improve…
Dinosaur — 2021-08-12 20:42:55
… they were **terrible lizards**. A diverse family of awesome animals that deserved their own distinct taxonomic group - which he named **Dinosauria**. The word dinosaur from Greek //dino// "terrible", "awesome" or "fearfully great" and //saurus…
…d**. It was discovered by William Buckland in the 1824. However, **Richard Plot** had discovered this dinosaur's femur, which he called //"Scrotum humanum"//, in **1627**, nearly two centuries before.…
Antiseptic — 2021-08-12 20:38:14
…iseptic surgery**. Lister successfully introduced carbolic acid to sterilise surgical instruments and to clean wounds, which led to a reduction in infections and made surgery safer for patients. Lister was appalled that a surgeon was not requi…
Hypodermic Syringe — 2021-08-12 20:33:54
…inge with a needle fine enough to pierce the skin in 1853. Charles Gabriel Pravaz of Lyon was making a similar syringe which quickly came into use in many surgeries under the name of 'The Pravaz Syringe'. == Christopher Wren 1656 == Christoph…
…ynd 1844 == Dr. **Francis Rynd** was born in Dublin [[Ireland]] in 1801. He was a doctor at Dublin’s Meath Hospital, which catered for the poor of Dublin. In the 1840s, he tried to find a cure for neuralgia. This is a disease that attacks the…
Steel — 2021-08-12 20:31:45
…t high, originally with a siliceous lining. Air is blown in near the bottom, creating oxides of silicon and manganese, which become part of the slag. Within a few minutes an ingot of steel can be produced. {{Image url="BessemerConvertor.jpg" c…
Rubber — 2021-08-12 20:24:10
…solid mass of rubber that could then be pressed in molds into solid blocks or rolled into sheets. Hancock's masticator, which was perfected in 1821, made rubber manufacture commercially practical and gave birth to the rubber industry. Hancock c…
…ed the '''rubber band'''. He made many improvements in the manufacture of rubber and thought of a multitude of ways in which this remarkable new product could be used. Hancock died in 1865 at Stoke Newington, London. ||{{Image url="Tyre.jpg" …
Sewing Machine — 2021-08-11 11:41:32
…ted, so locking the stitch. /* By the time of this discovery others, like Singer, had become millionaires from patents which, if Saint's machine had been discovered earlier, would never have been approved. Newton Wilson was one who had suffere…
Blood transfusion — 2021-08-10 08:28:02
…s of blood from his arm to transfuse into his wife. Between 1825 and 1830, Blundell performed 10 transfusions, five of which were beneficial, and published his results. He also invented a number of instruments for the transfusion of blood. {{I…
Lawn Mower — 2021-08-10 08:19:36
…gineer from Stroud, [[Gloucestershire]], [[England]]. Budding was inspired after seeing a machine in a local cloth mill which used a cutting cylinder (or bladed reel) mounted on a bench to trim cloth to make a smooth finish after weaving. ::cr::…
Match — 2021-08-09 22:35:30
…. He developed a keen interest in finding a means of creating fire easily. Several chemical mixtures were already known which would ignite, but with a sudden explosion, it had not been possible to transmit the flame to a slow-burning substance l…
Nature Reserve — 2021-08-09 22:30:53
…aterton was an early opponent of '''pollution'''. He fought a long-running court case against the owners of a soapworks which had been set up near his estate in 1839 that leaked out poisonous chemicals which severely damaged the trees in the par…
Guillotine — 2021-08-09 22:22:29
…r even the victim them self! But they were always cheered on by the crowd. The weight of the blade and the speed at which it fell would decapitate the condemned. The Halifax Gibbet was used on market days. This would ensure many people were …
Chocolate Bar — 2021-08-09 22:11:02
…e confectionery bar//, and is still in production. == Easter Eggs == Fry's also invented the **Chocolate Easter Egg** which is now common throughout the world and popular even in non Christian countries.…
Wellington Boot — 2021-08-09 21:58:54
…llesley, then Viscount Wellington, asked his shoemaker, Mr George Hoby of St James's Street, [[London]], to make a boot which was easier to wear with the new trousers. {{Image url="DukeWellingtonBoots.jpg" class="left" title="Duke of Wellingto…
Light Bulb — 2021-08-09 21:56:27
…ed that heat increased the sensitivity of the silver bromide emulsion. He later patented bromide paper, developments of which are still used for black and white photographic prints. Swan was knighted in 1904. …
Can — 2021-08-09 21:53:19
…A Frenchman named Nicolas Appert had discovered he could preserve food by heating it and sealing it in glass containers which excluded air. Durand thought a metal container would be more robust. Very soon he was supplying canned food to the Roy…
Pub — 2021-08-09 21:19:14
… names such as ‘The Kings Arms’ ‘Royal Oak’ or ‘Queens Head’. The Royal Oak is the English oak tree within which King Charles II of England hid to escape the Roundheads following the Battle of Worcester in 1651. In fact pub signs c…
Fire Extinguisher — 2021-08-09 21:05:28
…a cask of fire-extinguishing liquid containing a pewter chamber of gunpowder. This was connected with a system of fuses which were ignited, exploding the gunpowder and scattering the solution. The idea of the device was to a limit the extent of …
Industrial Revolution — 2021-08-08 21:48:46
…pment of **SS Great Britain** in 1843 in Bristol [[Gloucestershire]], the first propeller-driven ocean-going iron ship, which was at the time also the largest ship ever built. {{Image url="SSGreatBritain.jpg" }} …
Sandwich — 2021-08-08 20:40:14
… a place. The 'wich' in Sandwich is from the Anglo-Saxon word for a port. Later old English 'wic' from Latin ''vicus'', which also gives us the word vicinity. >>{{amazon items="English Place-names" }}>> The word sandwich has since taken on many…
Sparkling Wine — 2021-08-08 20:32:53
…of the 17th century Britain was producing over 3 million bottles a year. Also, the English imported cork from Portugal which made a better seal in a bottle than wooden and cloth stoppers that were used in France. == Bland Imports == During thi…
…livelier quality. As early as 1662 when '''Christopher Merret''' presented a paper to the newly formed Royal Society in which he stated that sugar and molasses were being added to wines of all sorts to make them sparkling. Using this process the…
… 1697 when he declared //“Come quickly, I am tasting the stars’’//. French made their first sparkling Champagne, which was in a document produced in 1718. …
Marmalade — 2021-08-08 18:49:30
…when a Spanish ship took refuge from a storm, in the harbour at Dundee. On board was a consignment of Seville Oranges - which a local grocer decided to purchase. {{Image url="MarmaladeKeiller.jpg" class="right" title="Marmalade Keiller" width="3…
Plywood — 2021-08-08 18:44:16
…od grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another, it is an **engineered wood**. The grain of each veneer is alternated which is called cross-graining and has several benefits: it reduces the tendency of wood to split when nailed at the edges an…
Sunday School — 2021-08-08 18:39:06
…, who had set up a Sunday school in nearby Dursley. Raikes saw an oppurtunity to change the outcome for these children which he shared with his friend, **Reverend Thomas Stock** who had a Sunday school at Ashbury, Berkshire. ::c:: == Sunday Sc…
Salicylic acid — 2021-08-08 18:32:13
…a for the plant group. == Worldwide == Today it is probably the most widely used drug. ^^"There are no countries in which it is unknown, unappreciated, or unavailable" Berton Roueché 1955^^ The drug works as a pain reliever because it bloc…
Vaccination — 2021-08-07 23:07:23
… observed the behaviour, he demonstrated an anatomical adaptation for it—the baby cuckoo has a depression in its back which is not present after 12 days of life, in which it cups eggs and other chicks to push them out of the nest. It had bee…
Cider — 2021-08-01 19:30:49
…le juice 'cider'. So, for the alcholic version they add the word 'hard'. In its raw form cyder is known as **scrumpy** which can be cloudy and full bodied. {{image url="CiderScrumpy.jpg" class="right" title="A Flagon of Scrumpy" width="400" }…
Powered Flight — 2021-04-05 22:36:49
… his glider. ::cl:: ^^ "About 100 years ago, an Englishman, Sir George Cayley, carried the science of flight to a point which it had never reached before and which it scarcely reached again during the last century." Wilbur Wright.^^ ::cl:: == W…
…g business. In 1842 he designed a large passenger-carrying steam-powered monoplane, with a wing span of **150 feet**, which he named the **"Henson Aerial Steam Carriage"**. He received a **patent** on it in 1843 along with **John Stringfellow*…
…stroke of 2 inches. Complete with water and fuel, the engine weighed just under 6¾ lbs and drove two large propellers which rotated in opposite directions to give the machine lateral stability. == Exhibition 1868 == {{Image url="Flyingmachi…
Marmite — 2021-04-03 10:38:16
…nded in Burton-on-Trent. Alfred Oxford had taken out several patents in the closing years of the 19th century, most of which were for animal feeds. All were based on recycling the waste yeast from the huge brew-ing industry in the area. He and…
… his brother Leonard, a grocer, planned to market one of the products which he considered palatable for humans. By putting their initials together and adding a Z they created Zalo. But Alfred ha…
… around for some time for a sauce to manufacture and market. He liked both the taste and the name of Garton's HP Sauce, which had an appropriately patriotic ring to it. The HP stood for **Houses of Parliament**, as it was rumoured that the sauce…
Patent Leather — 2021-01-31 22:10:03
…I am informed, has of late obtained a patent for preparing leather in a certain way that he has discovered, by means of which, leather is said to be rendered perfectly impervious to water, and when soiled, requires only to be wiped with a sponge…
Toothbrush — 2021-01-28 15:14:07
…hes.jpg" class="right" width="250" }} == Nylon era == By **1938** the first toothbrush with nylon fibres was produced, which proved sturdier and more efficient than bristles. But in the **United States** it wasn’t until soldiers returned home…
Petroleum — 2020-12-03 01:07:44
… [[Scotland]]. In 1847 he noticed a natural petroleum seepage in the Riddings colliery at Alfreton, [[Derbyshire]] from which he distilled a light thin oil suitable for use as lamp oil. In 1848 he established an oil refinery at Alfreton. == Pet…
…After many experiments Young found that by slow distillation he could obtain a number of useful liquids from it, one of which he named paraffin. == First Oil Refinery == {{Image url="ShaleRefinery1850.jpg" class="left-right" title="Shale oil re…
Jet airliner — 2020-11-30 22:29:36
…nd Comet DH106" width="400" }} The world's first purpose-built **jet airliner** was the **British de Havilland Comet** which first flew in 1949 and entered service in 1952. The **DH 106 Comet** was the first production commercial jetliner. It…
Golf — 2020-11-30 16:29:33
…s in Edinburgh on 6th March 1457, when King James II banned ‘ye golf’, in an attempt to encourage archery practice, which was being neglected. Golf in its early days in [[Scotland]] may well have had two distinct forms. One was a ‘short�…
Pencil — 2020-11-30 16:27:31
…mberland graphite spread quickly to artists in Italy. This culminated in the establishment of the first pencil factory, which became the Cumberland Pencil Company in 1916. Cumberland pencils were used to create Raymond Briggs's The Snowman. …
Railway — 2020-11-30 12:55:52
…h.''' But his big triumph came in 1829. The proposed Liverpool & Manchester railway directors held a trial to determine which locomotive to use for their railway. The winner also received the huge sum of £500. The contest was held at '''Rainhi…
… and Co., and the //America// from Robert Stephenson and Co. The trains arrived in the United States by August 1829, at which time Allen became the first person to drive a locomotive in America. @@ {{adsense}} @@ …
Sport — 2020-11-30 00:32:47
…ing hockey. The United States also started playing field hockey in 1890, with the Field Hockey Association of America, which regulates men's play, being formed in 1930. Hockey, or "Field Hockey" as it is also known, is now played in every cont…
…l="Badmington.jpg" class="right" width="100"}} Badminton came from a child's game called battledore and shuttlecock, in which two players hit a feathered shuttlecock back and forth with tiny rackets. The game was called "POONA" in India during t…
…ssociation (of England) was formed to take over the authority of the Bath Badminton Club, and the new group made rules, which now govern the game throughout the world. == Lawn Tennis 1859 == {{Image url="Tennis_grass.jpg" class="right" width="…
… behind the Manor House Hotel. The hotel bears a plaque erected during the centenary celebrations held on 11 June 1972, which reads: ‘In 1872 Major Harry Gem with his friend Mr. B. Pereira, joined with Dr. Frederick Haynes and Dr. A. Wellesley…
Vacuum cleaner — 2020-10-11 23:24:10
…the southern end of Theresa Place, an imposing ashlar faced terrace, between Theresa Street and Alma Place. The terrace which dates from 1836 is now numbered 73-91 Bristol Road (Linden Tree pub row of houses) and is on the eastern side of the ro…
Stem Cells — 2020-08-17 17:30:21
…y modified and implanted it into adult female mice with the intent of creating genetically modified offspring, work for which he was awarded the **Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine** in recognition of his work in **2007**. == Stem Cells ==…
Life Boat — 2020-08-17 09:00:19
…“This LIONEL LUKIN Was the first who built a Life-boat, and was the original Inventor of that principle of safety, by which many lives and much property have been preserved from Shipwreck; and he obtained for it the King's patent in the year …
Sinoatrial Node — 2020-08-15 18:08:00
…s described by Sunao Tawara earlier that year. Further anatomical studies confirmed the same structure in other hearts, which they named the **sino‐auricular node.** The discovery of the sinus node or **SA** node, the electrical system of th…
Jet Engine — 2020-08-15 08:35:25
…rked closely with Whittle to design a plane. The engine was built from various test parts and they called it the W.1X, which ran for the first time on '''December 14, 1940'''. This engine powered the Gloster E.28/39 for taxi testing when it too…
Milk of Magnesia — 2020-08-09 19:55:03
…to produce the medicine commercially. By-products of the process included sodium, potassium bicarbonates and silicates, which when treated with sulphuric acid could be used as an artificial fertiliser. {{Image url="JamesMurrayPlaque.jpg" class="…
…es Henry Phillips == Phillips an English pharmacist received a patent in 1873 for hydrate of magnesia mixed with water which he called **Milk of Magnesia**. In 2013 the European Union insisted Milk of Magnesia was reformulated with less Sulpha…
Monty Python — 2020-08-06 07:48:50
…theme music by the Band of the Grenadier Guards' of John Philip Sousa's "The Liberty Bell". == So British == The show, which was commissioned by none other than David Attenborough, seemed so intrinsically British that no-one could imagine that …
Christmas Traditions — 2019-12-27 02:21:30
…o commemorate the very old custom of human sacrifice by burning on a bonfire. Revived in the 12th Century, the Yule Log which was supposed to ward of the devil provided it burned continually until reduced to a pile of ashes.|| == {{colour c="g…
…n Christmas Day. Invented by a London baker in 1846, a cracker is a brightly coloured paper tube, twisted at both ends, which contains a party hat, riddle and toy or other trinket. When it is pulled by two people it gives out a crack as its cont…
…mimes: song and dance dramatisations of well-known fairy tales like '''Jack and the Beanstalk''', '''Cinderella''' etc, which encourage audience participation. English pantomime is modeled with certain modifications upon the masque of the Elizab…
Underground Railway — 2019-10-23 19:35:16
…round railway'** system, or the **'Tube'** as it is known in [[London]]. It was largely financed by the City of London, which was suffering from horse-drawn traffic congestion and pollution that was holding back business. The idea of an undergro…
…d who all wanted their own **Metro**. In 1890 the first underground electric railway opened, the City and South London, which ran from near the Bank of England under the Thames to the South Bank. {{image url="TrainTube.jpg" class="right" title=…
Paternoster — 2018-09-18 13:06:34
…ses the required level, all while it moves at steady, moderate speed. The name comes from the Latin for ''Our Father', which begins the Lord's Prayer and maybe good advice before you attempt to board the lift. == Patents == {{Image url="OrielC…
Stonehenge — 2018-01-26 21:52:34
… shaping of the stones - uniquely using both Wiltshire Sarsen sandstone and Pembroke Bluestone - and the precision with which it was built. {{image url="StonehengeAbove.jpg" class="right" title="Aerial view" width="" }} The survival of Stonehen…
Emergency Telephone Number — 2017-07-06 10:16:06
…ng the operator for police, fire or ambulance was the recommended method from 1927. The **General Post Office** (GPO), which ran the telephone network, proposed a three digit number. Initially, each 999 call triggered flashing red lights and h…
Viagra — 2017-06-01 14:56:53
…000,000 pounds). **Peter Dunn** and **Albert Wood** both of Kent, England are named as the inventors of the process by which Viagra was created. Their names appeared on an application by Pfizer to patent (WOWO9849166A1) the manufacturing proces…
Mary Poppins — 2016-05-05 17:16:51
…4/1996" death_place="London, [[England]]" }} Mary Poppins is the lead character in books written by **P. L. Travers**, which was first published in 1934. Travers moved from a rented flat in London to a thatched cottage in [[Sussex]]. It was h…

MUIB Made up in Britain