Made up in Britain: TextSearchExpanded

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FAX — 2023-10-09 23:52:19
…rials can be taken by these means". {{TOC}} == Electric clocks 1841 == Bain had already invented the electric clock. Using this knowledge he felt he could improve [[Telegraph|telegraphy]] by transmitting copies of actual written documents. Ba…
Internal Combustion Engine — 2023-10-09 23:51:33
…place="Halifax" }} {{Toc}} The Hornsby-Akroyd oil engine was the first successful design of internal combustion engine using "heavy oil" as a fuel. ~i)1794:The earliest mention of an oil engine was by Robert Street, in his English patent no. 1…
Vacuum Flask — 2023-10-09 23:46:28
…, and later solidify, hydrogen and show that metals had increased ability to conduct electricity at low temperatures. Using charcoal as an absorbing agent, he separated hydrogen, neon and helium from the air and created the highest known vacuu…
Lever Brothers — 2023-10-09 23:43:45
…ers small grocery business. A local Bolton chemist, **William Hough Watson**, had invented a new process to make soap, using glycerin and vegetable oils or palm oil, rather than tallow fat. In 1885 the brothers bought the small soap works in Wa…
Cinematography — 2023-10-09 23:41:17
…med moving motion picture sequences he called **Roundhay Garden**, **Leeds Bridge**, and his son playing the accordion, using his single-lens camera. All this several years before Auguste and Louis Lumière, and William Kennedy Dickson. {{Ima…
Computer — 2023-10-09 23:40:16
…t" title="Babbage Difference Engine" width="400" }} It was intended to be able to perform any arithmetical calculation using punched cards that would deliver the instructions, as well as a memory unit to store numbers and many other fundamental…
Cat Eyes — 2023-10-09 23:39:36
…tion. == Inspiration == When the tram-lines were removed in the nearby town of **Bradford** he realised that he'd been using the polished strips of steel to navigate. The name '''cat's eye''' comes from Shaw's inspiration for the device: the l…
Mayday — 2023-10-08 00:53:45
…}} The majority of air traffic at the time was between Croydon and Le Bourget Airport in Paris. He heard French pilots using the term ‘M’aidez’, literally //help me//. It sounded like "Mayday" and because it had a stronger sound that both…
Electronic Computer — 2023-10-07 10:38:05
…s gave him good experience and working the mathematician **Maxwell Newman** they proposed an electronic computer system using **1500** [[Thermionic_valve|Thermionic valves]]. Colossus could work at 5000 characters per second with an interval bet…
Hovercraft — 2023-10-07 09:48:35
… {{{toc}}} One of the most successful inventions of the 20th century, the Hovercraft, was originally tested in **1955** using an empty ""KiteKat"" cat food tin inside a coffee tin, a vacuum cleaner and a pair of kitchen scales. This led to the f…
Marshall Amplification — 2023-10-07 09:45:58
… the classic //JTM 45// amp was released. Soon musicians including **Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page **were using his equipment. These amps were powered by [[Vacuum_Tube| Vacuum tubes]] and produced a tone that some musicians still …
Aluminium — 2023-10-04 16:04:17
…ame **Aluminium** was eventually given by Davy replacing //alumium//. Davy was a pioneer in the field of electrolysis using the voltaic pile to split common compounds. Using this technique he isolated **sodium** and **potassium** in 1807, **…
WorldWideWeb — 2023-09-23 15:57:32
…o retrieve and view hypertext documents. He called this client ""WorldWideWeb"" browser. Hypertext pages were formatted using the '''Hypertext Markup Language''' (HTML) that Berners-Lee had written. He also wrote the first web server. A web se…
Vacuum Tube — 2023-09-23 15:57:19
…"Valve diode" width="200" }} Vacuum tubes or thermionic valves are based around the concept of //thermionic emission//. Using two electrodes enables diodes to be made that can rectify signals. ::c:: == New Dawn == {{Image url="Flemingvalve.jpg"…
Telegraph — 2023-09-23 15:56:52
…elegraph**, was co-developed and patented by William Fothergill Cooke and Charles Wheatstone. It was beautifully simple using electromagnetism to turn five needles left or right to point to letters. This meant anyone could read the message bein…
Stereo — 2023-09-23 15:56:38
…es to each other, which is still known as a "Blumlein Pair". - Recording two channels in the single groove of a record using the two groove walls at right angles to each other and 45 degrees to the vertical. - A stereo disc-cutting head. ::c::…
Lithium-ion Battery — 2023-09-23 15:53:22
… M. Stanley Whittingham started researching lithium battery in the early 1970s. He discovered how to store lithium ions using titanium(IV) sulphide and lithium metal as the electrodes. He discovered the intercalation electrodes and invented t…
LCD — 2023-09-23 15:53:09
… was easily broken by photolysis or hydrolysis. {{Image url="GeorgeGrayLCDbw.jpg" class="right" title="George Gray LCD using cyanobiphenyl compounds" width="400" }} George’s defining achievement was to use his deep knowledge and long experie…
Electric Generator — 2023-09-23 12:04:37
…agnetic rotation. A vertically suspended wire moves in a circular orbit around a magnet. The Homopolar motor. In 1831, using his "induction ring", Michael Faraday made one of his greatest discoveries - electromagnetic induction: the "induction"…
Bouncing bomb — 2023-09-23 12:03:28
… was carried out on 16–17 May 1943 by Royal Air Force No. 617 Squadron. The Möhne and Edersee Dams were breached, causing catastrophic flooding of the Ruhr and Eder valley. Two hydroelectric power stations were destroyed and several more wer…
Pneumatic Tyre — 2022-05-03 16:45:33
…es, made of canvas and bonded together with liquid rubber. == Patent == He patented this idea on 7 December **1888**, using the word 'pneumatic' for the first time [See below] , in the same year. A local firm, W. Edlin and Co, then agreed to m…
…acture frames to fit the new tyre; and when, in 1889, a well-known local cyclist, Willie Hume, won a race at Cherryvale using it, the novelty started to catch on. == Onlooker == The paper manufacturer, Harvey du Cros, who was in the crowd at …
Loudspeaker — 2021-11-07 21:26:37
…t" title="Speaker" width="300" }} ::c:: == Design == His patent 9712 on Apr 27, 1898 described an improved loudspeaker using a coil connected to a diaphragm, suspended in a strong magnetic field with nonmagnetic spacers to keep the air gap betw…
…t was improved by Siemens. It used a permanent bar magnet with a coil of wire wrapped around it, and an iron diaphragm using harmonic vibrations. …
Television — 2021-11-06 16:35:18
…licly demonstrated television. == In Colour == He demonstrated the world's first colour transmission on July 3, 1928, using scanning discs at the transmitting and receiving ends with three spirals of apertures, each spiral with a filter of a d…
Charlie Chaplin — 2021-08-20 11:11:51
…e with, at the age of five. But this did not provide enough income. Their father provided no support for his children causing Chaplin to be sent to the workhouse at the age of seven. {{image url="Charles_Chaplin_young.jpg" class="right" title="A…
Paralympic Games — 2021-08-20 10:59:53
…une 19, 2001 agreement. The Games take place three weeks after the closing of the Olympics, in the same host city and using the same facilities. Cities bidding to host the Olympic Games must include the Paralympic Games in their bid, and typic…
Four-minute Mile — 2021-08-20 10:55:12
…1951 and 1953, he won British championships in the mile run. Bannister researched the mechanics of running and trained using new scientific methods he had developed. On May 6, 1954, at the Iffley Road track in Oxford [[Oxfordshire]], the annua…
IVF — 2021-08-16 10:02:09
…fertilise human eggs within the laboratory and Steptoe had perfected a method for obtaining human eggs from the ovaries using his acquired skill with a laparoscope, a long, thin telescopic instrument. Combining these skills enabled them to prod…
DNA — 2021-08-14 21:04:12
…image url="Dnamodel.gif" class="left" width="300" title="Demonstrating the DNA model" }} Unperturbed, Crick and Watson using some underhanded assistance gained enough information to started building their DNA model on Wednesday, 4th March and f…
Public Park — 2021-08-14 20:30:20
…sign of many other parks in Britain and around the world. It was the first public park created by a local authority and using public funds. Birkenhead Park was the forerunner of the Parks Movement and its influence was far-reaching both in this …
Ice Cream Cone — 2021-08-14 20:22:38
…a recipe for **"Cornets with Cream"**. After making the ice cream and freezing she then explains how to make the cones using: {{Image url="IceCreamCone.jpg" class="left" title="Ice Cream Cone" width="" }} ~- 4oz (110g) caster or ultra-fine sug…
…ed a patent for an improved ice cream machine that could freeze a pint of ice cream in five minutes. She also suggested using liquid nitrogen to make ice cream, now the //in-thing//. She fell from a horse in 1904 and never fully recovered. She …
Photography — 2021-08-14 19:57:18
…egative == Fox Talbot wanted to be able to reproduce the images he captured and searched for a method to achieve this. Using various chemicals he was able to capture images with long exposures. But by accident, he discovered that there was an i…
Vibrator — 2021-08-14 19:48:28
…dia Links == The historical but largely fictional film **//Hysteria//** features a reworked history of the vibrator focusing on Dr. Granville's invention.…
Saline Drip — 2021-08-12 20:46:29
…. {{TOC}} Intravenous therapy (IV) is a method of rehydration that delivers fluids directly into a vein via a syringe. Using gravity the fluid is held in an elevated bag and //drips// through tubing into the vein. {{Image url="SalineDrip.jpg" …
Steel — 2021-08-12 20:31:45
…re cheap steel wrought iron was used for construction. The furnaces heated molten iron, it was then stirred by puddlers using long oar-shaped tools, allowing oxygen to combine slowly remove carbon. {{Image url="EiffelTower.jpg" class="left" titl…
Baking Powder — 2021-08-12 20:27:52
…aked goods. Baking powder works by releasing carbon dioxide gas into a batter or dough through an acid-base reaction, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to expand and thus leavening the mixture. It is used instead of yeast.…
Rubber — 2021-08-12 20:24:10
…clothing such as gloves and '''suspenders'''. The Hancock brothers then started an "elastic works" to manufacture items using the rubber springs. == Mastication == In 1820 Hancock invented his most important device: the '''rubber masticator'''…
Lawn Mower — 2021-08-10 08:19:36
…f cropping or shearing the vegetable surfaces of lawns, grass-plats and pleasure grounds. Country gentlemen may find in using my machine themselves an amusing, useful and healthy exercise."// >>{{image url="Sumner_motorised_lawn_mower.jpg" widt…
Zoo — 2021-08-09 22:18:40
…mus Burton]] (1800-1881 whose name derives from being the tenth of ten children) was asked to lay out the grounds and housing for the animals in London Zoo. == Bristol Zoo == {{Image url="BristolZoo.jpg" class="left" title="Bristol Zoo" width…
Light Bulb — 2021-08-09 21:56:27
… the 18th century by E.Kinnersley and later by **Humphry Davy**, an English scientist. He experimented with electricity using an immense electric battery. When he connected wires to his battery and a piece of carbon, the carbon glowed, producing…
… Light Bulb" width="" }} Much later, in 1850 the English physicist Sir Joseph Wilson Swan began working on a light bulb using carbonised paper filaments in an evacuated glass bulb. By **1860 **he was able to demonstrate a working device, and obt…
Chicken Tikka Masala — 2021-08-09 21:27:48
…urant in Glasgow [[Scotland]], found his Chicken Tikka was too dry and requested some gravy or sauce with it. The chef, using inspiration tossed in a can of Scottish Campbell’s tomato soup, sprinkled on some **Masala** (Hindi meaning spices) …
Pub — 2021-08-09 21:19:14
… == {{Image url="Pubsign1.jpg" title="Typical Pub sign" class="left" width="280" }} The naming of the pubs is always amusing to visitors. The most common name for a pub today is **‘The Red Lion’**. The name originates from the time of **Jam…
Industrial Revolution — 2021-08-08 21:48:46
…repair a furnace belonging to Sir Basil Brooke that was used to make iron. Darby thought a furnace could be improved by using a blast furnace fueled by coke rather than charcoal to produce high-grade iron. This was a major step forward in the pr…
…more workers with various measures. In times of food shortage, he bought up farms to grow food for his workers, built housing for them, and offered higher wages than were paid in other local industry (such as mining or pottery). == Ironbridge 1…
Sparkling Wine — 2021-08-08 20:32:53
…Royal Society in which he stated that sugar and molasses were being added to wines of all sorts to make them sparkling. Using this process the wine imported from France could be ''carbonated'' and made palatable. {{ image url="Sparkling_wine.jp…
Refrigeration — 2021-08-08 18:50:45
…ainer of diethyl ether. When the deithyl ether began to boil, it absorbed the heat from the container's surroundings, causing it to cool. This was recorded in his only published chemistry-related paper, "Of the Cold produced by Evaporating Fluid…
… took around 150 years, 1000's of patents and ice that was contaminated from industrial pollution, before people began using refrigerators.…
Toothbrush — 2021-01-28 15:14:07
…r in jail in **1770** for inciting riots. He was a clever man, who wanted to keep himself presentable but did not like using the method at the time of rubbing a rag with soot and salt on the teeth. So by hand he carved a small brush handle from…
DNA Forensics — 2021-01-22 08:47:52
…mbers of his technician's family. He realized that it was possible to develop this into a form of DNA finger printing, using variations in the genetic code to identify individuals. == Media Links == {{image url="DNA_finger_print.jpg" class="le…
…de Of A Killer’ - Trailer]]. The drama, featuring **John Simms** as Alec Jeffreys, follows the first person convicted using DNA, Colin Pitchfork in September 1987, and Richard Buckland the first person to be exonerated using DNA. {{Tag ids="D…
Petroleum — 2020-12-03 01:07:44
…in the USA. It was more crudely refined and that meant it was cheaper than Young's fuel. It also had a reputation for causing explosions and house fires. The Scottish oil industry continued to fight a fierce battle against the American product.…
Pencil — 2020-11-30 16:27:31
… the roots. {{Image url="Graphite.jpg" class="left" title="Pure Graphite" width="250" }} Looking like coal they tried using it for fuel, but it did not burn. But it did mark their hands and so they used it for marking their sheep. They called…
Sport — 2020-11-30 00:32:47
…he upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game. In the early 1880s by British army officers in India and South Africa, using lids from cigar boxes as paddles and rounded corks from wine bottles as balls, with a row of books set up across the mi…
…sited the United States in 1900, brought some hollow celluloid balls home and began playing indoor tennis with friends, using the new balls. Gibb apparently came up with the name "ping pong," representing the sounds of the ball hitting the paddl…
…ing the date **1551**, when an old pond was drained at **Dunblane**, Scotland. The first written reference to a contest using stones on ice coming from the records of Paisley Abbey, Renfrew, in February **1541**. One of the national games of Sc…
Stem Cells — 2020-08-17 17:30:21
…, at the University of Cambridge, and in 1980 began his collaboration with Matthew Kaufman. They explored the method of using blastocysts for the isolation of **embryonic stem cells** or ES cells. ^^The very first name I gave to these was "ED…
Life Boat — 2020-08-17 09:00:19
…ian yawl led him to create his **‘unimmergible’** boat. Lukin incorporated pockets of air in watertight bulkheads using cork and other lightweight materials in the structure, including a false iron keel adding weight to help keep the boat…
Cyclonic Vacuum Cleaner — 2020-08-15 09:18:21
…"250" }} == Inspiration == At a local sawmill, Dyson noticed how the sawdust was removed by large industrial cyclones using centrifugal force to separate the dust and debris, but it was only suitable in industrial settings. James wondered if h…
Underground Railway — 2019-10-23 19:35:16
…am as he died of dropsy on 14 September 1862, only a few months before his brainchild came to life. == Huge project == Using Victorian ingenuity and technical engineering expertise an elaborate underground system of rail links were built. The …
Paternoster — 2018-09-18 13:06:34
…aternoster and in 1884, in Dartford, England, the engineering firm of J & E Hall installed its first "Cyclic Elevator", using Hart's patent, in a London office block. The Paternoster became very popular in Europe where many still operate. Brita…
Stonehenge — 2018-01-26 21:52:34
…its megaliths, the sophistication of its concentric plan and architectural design, the shaping of the stones - uniquely using both Wiltshire Sarsen sandstone and Pembroke Bluestone - and the precision with which it was built. {{image url="Stoneh…
Emergency Telephone Number — 2017-07-06 10:16:06
…em involve long sequences, but also easy find by the **blind**, in the **dark** or in **thick smoke**. It was suggested using the end number 9, three times would be more sensible than using random numbers, so it could be found easily by touch. …
Banksy — 2017-06-19 21:04:17
… mobile lovers" width="300" }} === Bristol 1974 === His work is now very sought after commanding huge sums of money. Causing squabbles over who owns the images when they mysteriously appear on buildings. {{Image url="BanksyChelt.jpg" class="ce…
Cilla Black — 2016-03-03 14:46:01
… one in the UK in 1964. == Media Link == <<{{amazonad}}<< In 2014 a three-part television drama series, **Cilla**, focusing on her rise to fame in 1960s Liverpool and her relationship with Bobby Willis. ITV aired it in September 2014, starring…

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