Made up in Britain: TextSearchExpanded

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Stockings — 2023-12-30 23:58:55
… {{Image url="StockingLegs.png" class="left" title="Fully Fashioned Stockings" width="300" }}Lee's first machine was refused a patent by Queen Elizabeth I as it was not superior to the hand made stockings and she wanted to protect the people ma…
Airport — 2023-10-11 15:23:36
…ders Roe Princess" width="100%" }} ::c:: == Spitfire == The **Supermarine** factory near Southampton Airport was later used to assemble Spitfire fighters during World War II. == Links == [[https://www.solentsky.org/exhibitions| Solent Sky Mu…
Split the Atom — 2023-10-10 00:05:57
…| The first laboratory controlled splitting of the atom happened in **1932** when John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton focused a proton beam onto lithium and bust its nucleus. The era of **nuclear physics** was born. It was the first nuclear tr…
…vendish Laboratory at Cambridge University, [[Cambridgeshire]], [[England]], Englishman Cockcroft and Irishman Walton used spare parts along with some wood and nails to build the world's first nuclear-particle accelerator in 1929. Rutherford …
…had split the atom in Manchester more than ten years before. He wanted more control over the particles used to penetrate nuclei. He directed Cockcroft and Walton to build a high voltage machine he called for "a million volts in…
Carbonated water — 2023-10-09 23:52:55
… dripping vitriol (sulphuric acid) into powdered chalk (calcium carbonate) producing **CO2 gas**. This gas was then infused into agitated water, inducing a reaction and effervescence. == To the World == Even though Priestly didn’t try to …
FAX — 2023-10-09 23:52:19
…is knowledge he felt he could improve [[Telegraph|telegraphy]] by transmitting copies of actual written documents. Bain used a clock to synchronize the movement of two pendulums, a transmitter and a receiver, for line-by-line scanning of a mess…
…provements came along and eventually the FAX machine became standard office equipment by the 1980s. It is still widely used but it's future looks a short one with computers now the favoured device for sending images. {{tag ids="FAX image facs…
Vacuum Flask — 2023-10-09 23:46:28
…s or vacuum flask. His invention was brought to consumers in '''**1904**''' when it was realised the 'Thermos' could be used equally well to keep liquids for consumption hot as well as cold. It had double walls with a vacuum between and silver…
…nman with a smoke signal. Cordite is a smokeless propellant to replace gunpowder as a military propellant. Cordite was used for large weapons, such as tank guns, artillery and naval guns. It was also used in the .303 British, Mark I and II, st…
…andard rifle cartridge between 1891 and 1915. Cordite has been used since World War I till around the end of the 20th century, with the closure of the last World War II Cordite factory, R…
Phototherapy — 2023-10-09 23:41:51
…pt for a small bright yellow section which had been covered up by the baby’s sheet. The nurse suggested it had been caused by the sun, but her suggestion was not taken very seriously. {{Image url="SisterWard.png" class="left" title="Sister W…
…dowsill was measured again, and read even lower, at 9 mg/100 mL. This was able to be reproduced again and again and caused researchers to investigate the effect of light on **bilirubin**. == Modern Treatment == {{Image url="phototherapy-ba…
…erts bilirubin into a form that the body can excrete in the urine and faeces. Phototherapy for jaundiced babies, is now used in almost every hospital in the world, resulting from a simple observation by Cremer in 1956 aided by Sister Ward. It …
Cinematography — 2023-10-09 23:41:17
…ow and son, Adolphe, felt aggrieved and wanted Louis recognised as the inventor of cinematography. Edison, once again, used the American courts to establish himself as the sole inventor of cinematography. Adolphe Le Prince stood as a witness …
Steam Engine — 2023-10-08 00:19:36
…ipile" }} The first recorded steam device, the aeolipile, was invented by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century AD, but used only as a toy. ::c:: == Back in Britain == {{Image url="Somerset.jpg" class="left" width="150" title="Edward Somerset"…
…signs for such a device , however he never built an actual steam engine. The English engineer '''Thomas Savery''' later used Papin's designs to build the world's first operational steam engine. '''Sir Samuel Morland''' also developed ideas for…
…ate chamber, while keeping the piston and cylinder at the temperature of the steam. Gainsborough believed that Watt had used his ideas for the invention, but there is no proof of this. ::c:: == Enter James Watt == {{Image url="Watt.jpg" class=…
Radar — 2023-10-08 00:18:51
…ad recently set up a committee to advance the state of the art of air defence in the UK. In World War I the Germans had used Zeppelins as long-range bombers over London and other cities, and attempts to attack them by aircraft had proven to be …
Portland Cement — 2023-10-08 00:16:46
…" class="right" width="200" }}||{{Image url="Severn_dam.jpg" class="right" width="200" }}|| Concrete is the most widely used construction material. Roads, bridges, schools, foundations of buildings, driveways and large office buildings are made…
Pedestrian Crossing — 2023-10-07 11:08:59
…="First Traffic Light" width="200" }} The traffic signal constructed by the railway signal engineers Saxby & Farmer. It used gas lamps, and was manually operated. A police constable used a lever at the base of the light pole to switch between t…
Electronic Computer — 2023-10-07 10:38:05
… He joined the telecommunications branch of General Post Office (GPO) in **1926** and felt that the mechanical system used for the telephone exchange could be converted to an all-electronic system. == Great minds == This gave him good experi…
…h="350" title="Colossus now"}}|| == Even Earlier == >>{{amazonad}}>> [[Computer]] == Enigma == The Colossus was not used to decipher the Enigma. That was done with a machine called **Bombe** that was developed for Alan Turing by **Harold 'D…
Hovercraft — 2023-10-07 09:48:35
…trials he successfully designed a craft which proved his ideas were correct. He was not surprised. The modified punt he used had a special pump to blow high pressure air down under and around the rim of the craft. == Military == A strong rubbe…
… taken the hovercraft most seriously, with over 100 giant craft now in use in America and 250 in the Soviet Union, many used in recent conflicts. In these early days Cockerell's idea was patented and immediately put on the secret list. Nothing …
Anaesthetic — 2023-10-04 16:27:18
… oxide in anesthesia" width="300" }} ^^As nitrous oxide appears capable of destroying physical pain, it may probably be used with advantage during surgical operations. ^^ === James Young Simpson 1847 === {{Databox caption="Inventor" Image="Sim…
Aluminium — 2023-10-04 16:04:17
… Aluminium was one of the newest metals to be discovered by humans. == Extracting from the Ore == Alum salts have been used for centuries. In 1808 Humphry Davy, an English chemist born in Penzance, [[Cornwall]] [[England]], discovered that alu…
WorldWideWeb — 2023-09-23 15:57:32
…he Hypertext links, allow the reader to jump instantly from one electronic document to another. Berners-Lee had already used this format when he wrote Enquire. == Small Beginnings == Many small steps had set the way for computers to communica…
Telephone — 2023-09-23 15:57:07
…l had the patent, he had the right to be the only one to produce telephones in the U.S. for the next 19 years. The unit used to measure the intensity of a sound, the **'decibel'** is named after Alexander Graham Bell. == Back in Britain == {{I…
Telegraph — 2023-09-23 15:56:52
…aph.jpg" class="left" title="Ronalds Telegraph" width="300" }} Static electrical impulses were sent along the wire were used to transmit messages. To communicate messages Ronalds had made two identical clock-like machines, each with a moving in…
Stereo — 2023-09-23 15:56:38
…ow the actor across the screen. == Patent == {{Image url="BlumleinPair.jpg" class="left" title="Blumlein Pair is still used." width="350" }} His earliest notes on the subject are dated 25 September 1931, and his patent had the title// "Improve…
…he vertical. - A stereo disc-cutting head. ::c:: >> //Binaural transmission had been demonstrated by Clement Ader. He used pairs of microphones in front of the Paris Opera stage in 1881, and the wealthy few could use two telephones to list…
Lithium-ion Battery — 2023-09-23 15:53:22
…he Lithium-ion battery has made pocket mobile phones a reality. A small compact rechargeable battery cell that can be reused many times over. Electric cars with long range now a reality. …
LCD — 2023-09-23 15:53:09
…orcestershire]], to explore whether the discovery by US researchers that a thin layer of impure liquid crystal could be used to make a crude optoelectronic display but the DSM design worked poorly and proved to be too power hungry. /* RCA pio…
… the Twisted Nematic effect. This was a pure field-effect and did not require the presence of impurities, and George focused on finding new materials for this. == Background == The liquid crystal materials known then had to be heated to 70ºC …
iPod — 2023-09-23 15:52:55
…ries and the technology became public property. == In Court == {{image url="IXI.jpg" width="300" class="right"}} Apple used Mr Kramer’s patents and drawings to defend itself in the legal wrangle in 2007. A staggering 163 million iPods have …
Electric Motor — 2023-09-23 15:52:02
…a commutator. == Improved Battery == The Volta cell had certain inherent weaknesses - any impurity in the zinc plates used caused erosion of the electrode. Sturgeon developed a long lasting battery that consisted of a single cell cylinder of …
…etween the cast iron cell and the cylinder of zinc prevented contact by the different metals. Dilute sulphuric acid was used to charge the battery. == Galvanometer == He also invented the first suspended coil galvanometer, a device for measur…
Digital Photography — 2023-09-23 12:04:21
…rmal-imaging camera tube. He also invented a solid-state version, which is now the basis for thermal imagers made today used by the military for night-vision, by firefighters to see through smoke, and for other search-and-rescue and civilian us…
Bouncing bomb — 2023-09-23 12:03:28
… Wallis 1943 === Sir Barnes Neville Wallis, (26 September 1887 – 30 October 1979). He invented the "bouncing bombs" used by 617 Squadron ("**The Dam Busters**") to breach the Möhne and Eder dams in Germany in 1943. During WWII an audaciou…
ATM — 2023-09-23 12:02:41
…: == The Process == Plastic bank cards with magnetic strips had still to be invented, Shepherd-Barron's early machines used special cheques called "Barclaycash" that were chemically coded with impregnated carbon-14. Customers placed the chequ…
Toilet — 2023-09-08 09:57:11
…dinburgh (1732-1814). He invented the 'S'-shaped trap in 1775 and was the first to patent the flushing water closet. It used standing water to seal the outlet of the bowl, preventing the escape of foul air from the sewer, and used a sliding val…
… the Bramah contained no metal parts, and in 1885 he created the one-piece 'wash-out' toilet, called the 'Unitas'. This used a 'P'-shaped trap. In 1885, he created the first valveless toilet made of china. Other makers at this stage included Jo…
Winston Churchill — 2023-08-27 16:11:42
…his hour'. This view was shared by the overwhelming majority of the British people. As Germany invaded Europe Churchill used his negotiating skills to forge an alliance of Allied Powers with the Soviet Union and the United States. Roosevelt a…
Pay Toilet — 2022-09-27 07:23:49
…ut later became interested in conjuring. Maskelyne became a member of **The Magic Circle** and, like **Harry Houdini**, used his skills to dispel the notion of supernatural powers. {{Image url="MaskelyneToiletLock.jpg" class="right" title="Mask…
Plastic — 2022-09-01 08:57:23
…vation == Parkesine played an important roll in conservation. Parkes new plastic set into a hard horny material that he used to mimic ivory and tortoiseshell. No longer did animals need to be killed for this industry, protecting wildlife. ::c:…
…placed many recyclable materials with plastic. This is especially so with single use items that are discarded and not reused blotting the oceans and countryside. Things made of Plastic ""<marquee> Bottles Buckets Boxes Cups Toothbrushes Pens…
Thoroughbred Horse — 2022-08-29 09:12:34
… Robert Byerley. == Character == Averaging 16 Hands high (64 inches) and capable of speeds of 44mph they are commonly used in horse racing but, Thoroughbreds are also popular for show jumping, dressage, hunting, polo. The English Thoroughbred…
… has since been introduced to most countries, where it is bred for racing or used to improve local breeds. …
Police — 2022-05-20 08:52:50
…l Navy rather than red which was the army's colour and struck fear into the people because of the way soldiers had been used to smash protests. The only weapon was a '''truncheon'''. ::c:: == Sir Robert Peel's NINE PRINCIPLES for the police ==…
Cambridge Cream — 2022-05-20 08:48:45
… Trinity College ~1630 === The college in [[Cambridgeshire]] even has an iron with the official college crest which is used to burn the sugar topping. == Recipe == Ingredients Serves: 4-6 *600 ml Double cream (1 pint) *1 Teaspoon Vanilla es…
Loudspeaker — 2021-11-07 21:26:37
…ng the need for better audio reproduction. Lodge's cone loudspeaker, which he referred to as a "bellowing telephone", used the basic principle of the conventional cone loudspeaker drivers that we know today. == Power == What this invention…
…ication and that came along with the [[Thermionic_valve|valve]]. With more power bigger magnets and cones could now be used. A model of his loudspeaker is in the British Science Museum. {{Image url="LodgeLoudspeaker.jpg" class="left" title=…
…Graham Bell]] created the first practical //'transmitter'// for his telephone in 1877 that was improved by Siemens. It used a permanent bar magnet with a coil of wire wrapped around it, and an iron diaphragm using harmonic vibrations. …
Postage Stamp — 2021-11-06 16:32:56
…== ~-[[Communication]]:[[CategoryIndustry]]:[[1800s]] The **Penny Black** was the world's first adhesive postage stamp used in a public postal system. It was the first pre-paid mail service, issued in Great Britain on 1 May **1840**, for offic…
…udent-teacher at his father's school. As a sideline Rowland was also an inventor, although most of his ideas were never used. …
Trouser Press — 2021-08-26 11:11:31
…lace="" }} === Peter Corby 1930 === [[Domestic]]:[[Society]]:[[1900s]] The Corby trouser press, an electrical appliance used to smooth the creases from a pair of trousers, was invented by Peter Corby in 1930. Peter began producing the press in …
Titanic — 2021-08-20 11:12:19
… || Cost to build Titanic|| £1.5 Million || ||Titanic's Top speed ||22.5 knots|| ||Titanic's Boilers|| 29|| || Rivets used|| 3 Million ||…
Charlie Chaplin — 2021-08-20 11:11:51
…ng educated by a range of charitable schools. In 1898, his mother was committed to a mental asylum due to a psychosis caused by syphilis and malnutrition. === Change of Fortune === Charlie became a music-hall clown in 1906 with Fred Karno's M…
…aplin the Composer == Charlie also wrote some wonderful melodies. "**Smile**" is a song based on an instrumental theme used in the soundtrack for the 1936 Charlie Chaplin movie **Modern Times**. Chaplin composed the music, while John Turner an…
MRI Scan — 2021-08-20 11:04:59
…t" title="Modern MRI Scanner" width="" }} Sir Peter’s early work was in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), then being used to study the chemical structure of substances. He joined the Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, in 1964, …
Beatles — 2021-08-20 10:46:43
…televised appearance at the London Palladium. In the United States **Capitol Records** (which was owned by EMI),** refused **to issue the singles //Love Me Do, Please Please Me// and //From Me To You//, the reason they gave being that no **Br…
…itish** act had ever made any impact on an American audience! (maybe that's because the US refused to release the singles or give British acts airplay). Attorneys for Capitol Records were actually employed to stop US …
Atomic Clock — 2021-08-20 10:45:05
…l oscillators for precise time measurement. His research led to his development of the quartz ring clock in 1938, which used the electrically induced vibrations of a quartz crystal to measure time. The clock soon become the industry standard f…
Intraocular Lens — 2021-08-20 10:40:24
…ke up the lens become opaque which prevents light from entering the eye and causes **cataracts**. The ancient Greeks used to deal with this condition by crudely pushing aside the lens within the eye. And until Ridleys invention there was not…
…19th century to replace the lens within the eye with a glass lens failed disastrously. As glass, which is very inert, caused reactions it was decided that such an operation was impossible, and that an artificial lens would be rejected by the bo…
…*, there was no foreign-body reaction to it. Though lodged in the eyeball, these splinters were apparently inert, and caused no adverse reactions in the sensitive tissues of the eye. == After the War == Ridley began to work with John Pike, an…
Roundabout — 2021-08-16 09:58:53
…of the high accident rate associated with them. - In 1926 the UK Ministry of Transport (circular 302) officially used the term **'Roundabout'.** - In 1950s the priority rule was changed. - Now entering traffic gives way to circulatin…
…nture onto them. Wild life can thrive as in the 'Rabbit Roundabout' in Gloucester. == Links == Sollershott Circus was used in the **Simon Pegg** and **Nick Frost**, directed by Edgar Wright, **‘The World’s End’**.…
Reflecting Telescope — 2021-08-14 20:51:21
…a reflecting telescope including James Gregory but had not manufactured a working version. Early telescopes, like those used by Galileo, consisted of glass lenses mounted in a tube. When the light from a star passed through a lens, the differen…
CT Scan — 2021-08-14 20:48:42
…started with a prototype head scanner. He experimented on a preserved brain and the results were encouraging. He then used it on a cow brain from a butcher shop, eventually Godfrey scanned his own brain. The medical world, and EMI, were now e…
… {{Image url="CT-Scanner.jpg" class="left" title="A modern CT Scanner" width="" }} On 1 October 1971, CT scanning was used on a patient with a cerebral cyst. In 1975, Hounsfield built a whole-body scanner. ::c:: == Awards == ~-1979. Hounsf…
Ice Cream Cone — 2021-08-14 20:22:38
…eath_place="Pinner" }} === Agnes Marshall in 1888 === ~-[[CategoryFood]]:[[1800s]] The first recipe for an edible cone used to serve ice cream was in //Mrs Marshall's Cookery Book// printed in 1888. {{TOC}} Marshall was an English culinary ent…
…, edible ice cream cone and they would soon go on to replace the unhygienic glass 'licks' that ice cream street vendors used at the time. She also gave public lectures on cooking, ran an agency for domestic staff and was granted a patent for a…
Bovril — 2021-08-14 20:09:04
…left" title="Bovril Jar" width="300" }} === John Johnston 1870 === Johnston worked as a butcher in **Edinburgh**, he used surplus meat to make his own meat glaze or beef stock, by heating until it becomes dark brown and viscous, this gave it…
Football — 2021-08-14 19:52:33
…/not// your hands . The Chinese "football" games date as far back as 3000 years ago. The Ancient Greeks and the Roman used football games to prepare warriors for battle. {{Image url="Football.jpg" class="left" width="100"}} In south and Cent…
Antiseptic — 2021-08-12 20:38:14
…ecided to use his findings to develop "antiseptic" techniques. == The Antiseptic == Lister was aware that creosote was used to preserve wood and treating sewage. Lister tested the results of spraying instruments, the surgical incisions, and dr…
Hypodermic Syringe — 2021-08-12 20:33:54
…ate="26 February 1884" }} In 1853, Wood (1817 – 1884) born in [[Scotland]] invented the first hypodermic needle that used a true syringe and hollow needle. Alexander Wood was the first to develop a syringe with a needle fine enough to pierc…
Steel — 2021-08-12 20:31:45
…-process steel making was slow and labour intensive. {{TOC}} == Before Steel == Before cheap steel wrought iron was used for construction. The furnaces heated molten iron, it was then stirred by puddlers using long oar-shaped tools, allowin…
…production of armaments. Guns, cannons and warships became relatively inexpensive to produce. Steel frames could now be used to build towering skyscrapers. In America the introduction of the Bessemer Converter had an enormous impact on an expa…
…pioneers to build over 30,000 miles of railroad and colonise the western part of the country. Sheet steel could now be used in consumer products like washing machines, electric ovens, refrigerators and the car. By 1914 car manufacturing become…
Baking Powder — 2021-08-12 20:27:52
…for making bread and pastries without the need for yeast. This formula for baking powder is essentially the same as is used in modern baking powders today. {{Image url="AlfredBirdPlaque.jpg" class="left" title="Alfred Bird Plaque" width="220" …
… == Explained == Baking powder is a dry chemical leavening agent, a mixture of a weak alkali and a weak acid, and is used for increasing the volume and lightening the texture of baked goods. Baking powder works by releasing carbon dioxide ga…
…dough through an acid-base reaction, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to expand and thus leavening the mixture. It is used instead of yeast.…
Rubber — 2021-08-12 20:24:10
…e rubber bottles. One day Hancock held one of the bottles in his hand and realized that if it was sliced up it could be used as garters, suspenders and waistbands. About 25 years later, another Englishman, '''Stephen Perry''', patented the '''…
…rovements in the manufacture of rubber and thought of a multitude of ways in which this remarkable new product could be used. Hancock died in 1865 at Stoke Newington, London. ||{{Image url="Tyre.jpg" width="90" title=" Road tyre" }}||{{Image …
Adjustable Spanner — 2021-08-10 08:22:45
…nd worldwide, and appeared in tool catalogues up until about **1964**. Today the adjustable crescent shaped spanner is used worldwide and throughout Europe where it is often referred to as the **'English key'** (Clé anglaise - French.) or sim…
Lawn Mower — 2021-08-10 08:19:36
… from Stroud, [[Gloucestershire]], [[England]]. Budding was inspired after seeing a machine in a local cloth mill which used a cutting cylinder (or bladed reel) mounted on a bench to trim cloth to make a smooth finish after weaving. ::cr:: >>{{…
… >>{{image url="Sumner_motorised_lawn_mower.jpg" width="300" }}>>One of the first of Budding and Ferrabee machines was used in **Regent's Park Zoological Gardens** in London [[Zoo]], in **1831**. It took another ten years and further innovatio…
Match — 2021-08-09 22:35:30
… but with a sudden explosion, it had not been possible to transmit the flame to a slow-burning substance like wood. He used wooden sticks coated with sulphur and tipped with a paste mixture of sulphide of antimony, chlorate of potash, and gum,…
Guillotine — 2021-08-09 22:22:29
… crowd. The weight of the blade and the speed at which it fell would decapitate the condemned. The Halifax Gibbet was used on market days. This would ensure many people were in the town to witness the execution and the hope was that the fears…
…he machine remained in use until **Oliver Cromwell** forbade capital punishment for petty theft. The Halifax Gibbet was used for the last time, for the execution of two criminals on a single day, on 30 April 1650. The first recorded use of what…
Chocolate Bar — 2021-08-09 22:11:02
…atecream.jpeg" class="left" title="Fry's Chocolate Cream" }} >>{{amazon type="book" items="1492275085" }}>> ::cl:: Fry used a Watts steam engine to help grind the cocoa beans to a much finer powder than had previously been achieved. The machin…
Light Bulb — 2021-08-09 21:56:27
…reased the sensitivity of the silver bromide emulsion. He later patented bromide paper, developments of which are still used for black and white photographic prints. Swan was knighted in 1904. …
Tarmac — 2021-08-09 21:38:37
…tured. And when it rained, many roads became impassable due to ruts and mud. The process was an improvement on methods used by **Thomas Telford** and Trésaguet. == Hooley is inspired == In 1901 Hooley was walking in Denby in [[Derbyshire]] …
Shire Horse — 2021-08-09 21:35:31
…" class="right" title="Shire Horse pulling a plough" width="500" }} {{toc}} The Shire Horse is a powerful Draught Horse used in farming and military for pulling heavy loads. === Packington 1760 === ~-[[1700s]] The origin of the Shire Horse da…
Chicken Tikka Masala — 2021-08-09 21:27:48
…a Masala originated in British India where a spicy Indian dish was toned down and a sauce added to suit British palates used to having gravy with their meal. The first documented recipe for Currey (Curry) was published in ‘//Art of Cookery/…
Cowboy — 2021-08-09 21:03:46
… herders called themselves **vacquero** a Spanish word that was Anglicised to become **Buckaroo**. In fact, cowboy was used in a negative way to refer to Brits/Tories who stole US cattle during the war of independence and again to refer to bla…
Industrial Revolution — 2021-08-08 21:48:46
…place="" }} In 1708 Abraham Darby came to **Coalbrookdale** to repair a furnace belonging to Sir Basil Brooke that was used to make iron. Darby thought a furnace could be improved by using a blast furnace fueled by coke rather than charcoal to…
…echniques for producing wrought iron from pig iron and producing the iron to replace the more expensive brass cylinders used in Thomas Newcomen's steam engines. == Abraham Darby III (1750 – 1791) == {{Image url="Abraham_darby_IV.jpg" class="…
… width="200" }} Brunel was a British engineer born in Portsmouth, [[Hampshire]]. He took all these advances in iron and used them with great effect. He created of the '''Great Western Railway''', a series of famous steamships, and numerous impo…
Sandwich — 2021-08-08 20:40:14
…something or someone is stuck between two other objects they are said to be 'sandwiched'. I wonder what expression they used before the ''sandwich'' was born? <<{{Image url="Sandwichsign.jpg" title="A road sign to Ham & Sandwich" width="250" …
Sparkling Wine — 2021-08-08 20:32:53
…, the English imported cork from Portugal which made a better seal in a bottle than wooden and cloth stoppers that were used in France. == Bland Imports == During this time still wine being brought to Britain from France seemed bland to the En…
Refrigeration — 2021-08-08 18:50:45
… demonstrated by William Cullen at the University of Glasgow, [[Scotland]] in **1748**. In his demonstration, Cullen used a pump to create a small vacuum over a container of diethyl ether. When the deithyl ether began to boil, it absorbed th…
Sunday School — 2021-08-08 18:39:06
…unday schools. Before too long, around 4,000 new Sunday schools were started in towns all over [[England]]. Robert even used his printing press to publish reading books, spelling books, Bible study books, and copies of the Scriptures for the Su…
Salicylic acid — 2021-08-08 18:32:13
… from "agues" from a fever. He was aware that **quinine** derived from the bark of the Peruvian cinchona tree could be used to treat malarial fevers. Stone wondered if the **willow tree** bark could have similar properties. He chewed at a smal…
…y Bayer under the name Aspirin from Spiraea for the plant group. == Worldwide == Today it is probably the most widely used drug. ^^"There are no countries in which it is unknown, unappreciated, or unavailable" Berton Roueché 1955^^ The dr…
Cider — 2021-08-01 19:30:49
… much a South & West Country industry. Many orchards around [[Gloucestershire]], [[Herefordshire]] and [[Somerset]] are used to convert selected apples into this beautiful drink. For some reason, probably because of the prohibition, in the US …
Powered Flight — 2021-04-05 22:36:49
…ght" title="Model of Stringfellow aircraft in Chard" width="400" }}The model was powered by a tiny '''steam engine''' housed in the gondola below the wings. This engine, fired by a spirit lamp, had a cylinder with a diameter of ¾ inch and a st…
Marmite — 2021-04-03 10:38:16
…[1900s]] >>{{image url="Marmite.jpg" width="250" }}>> Marmite is a savoury food spread made from yeast that can also be used to flavour stews etc. === Gilmour 1902 === In 1902 the Marmite Food Company (later Marmite Ltd) was set up by the Gilm…
…6 (A) ― 1902-02-20 HERON JOHN GB190106937 (A) ― 1902-02-06 */ {{{toc}}} == The Process == The basic raw material used in the manufacture of MARMITE is spent brewer's yeast, a substance whose original and only use was to ferment sugars in…
Patent Leather — 2021-01-31 22:10:03
…eather Shoes" width="400" }} === Mr. Hand 1793 === [[Society]]:[[1700s]] The waterproof and glossy treatment of leather used for shoes was patented in 1793 by a gentleman from Birmingham [[Warwickshire]], [[England]]. After being granted the p…
Toothbrush — 2021-01-28 15:14:07
…egularly became a widespread practice. == In history == Previous to the manufactured toothbrush indigenous people have used, and still use, things like miswak from the twigs/roots of the //Salvadora persica// tree or similar to clean teeth.…
Mensa — 2020-12-03 00:59:15
…place="Eastbourne" }} == MENSA == Mensa is the oldest society for people with a high IQ (Intelligence quotient). They used 'Mensa' from Latin for ‘table’ to symbolise that the group was like a round table where no one had precedence.. …
Pencil — 2020-11-30 16:27:31
…="250" }} Looking like coal they tried using it for fuel, but it did not burn. But it did mark their hands and so they used it for marking their sheep. They called it //plaumbago// (lead ore). == Eureka == Soon it was discovered this graphite…
… made an excellent replacement for lead that was used for writing. A cottage industry grew up sawing and shaping the graphite into rods and wrapping it with string. This pro…
…stablishment of the first pencil factory, which became the Cumberland Pencil Company in 1916. Cumberland pencils were used to create Raymond Briggs's The Snowman. It remains the only large-scale deposit of pure solid graphite ever found. =…
Railway — 2020-11-30 12:55:52
…id to have invented railway transportation but there are several people that helped move the early wagonways, that were used to [[CategoryTransport]] coal out of the mines, into the national grids we see today all over the world. {{{toc}}} ::c…
Sport — 2020-11-30 00:32:47
… resembled football. The Chinese "football" games date as far back as 3000 years ago. The Ancient Greeks and the Roman used football games to prepare warriors for battle. In south and Central America a game called "Tlatchi" once flourished…
…ard games, mainly English [[Billiards]], this new billiard sport of snooker surfaced around 1875. The term snooker was used as a derogatory term for the first year recruits of the Royal Military Academy of Woolwich in England. For many years t…
…nce == Bungee Jumping 1979 == {{Image url="Bungy_jump.jpg" class="right" width="120"}} Chris Baker of Bristol, England used an elastic rope to emulate and improve on a kind of urban vine jumping. The first modern bungee jump was made on '''1 A…
Silicone — 2020-09-22 23:25:26
… uses == Silicones are largely inert compounds with a wide variety of uses. It is nonstick and rubberlike. Frequently used in cookware, medical applications, sealants, lubricants, and insulation. ||{{Image url="DOW995.jpg" title="Sealant" wi…
Shakespeare — 2020-08-21 08:52:48
…of our common English words by changing nouns into verbs, changing verbs into adjectives, connecting words never before used together, adding prefixes and suffixes, and devising new words and coining many now-common expressions. {{Tag ids="Poe…
Stem Cells — 2020-08-17 17:30:21
…work in **2007**. == Stem Cells == {{Image url="StemCells.png" class="left" title="Diagram showing how stem cells are used." width="550" }} Our body is made up of cells that have many different functions. Before a cell becomes an adult cell t…
Slavery Abolition — 2020-08-17 15:00:36
…nce, England, Netherlands** even as far north as **Iceland**, capturing **European** men, women and **children** to be used in their slave trade. Some villages like Baltimore, Ireland had to be abandoned following persistent raids. Between 16…
Hydraulics — 2020-08-17 13:24:35
…re was excess water pressure in the lower part of town. Armstrong convinced the authorities this excess power could be used to power a quayside hydraulic crane that he had been developing. {{Image url="ArmstrongCrane.jpg" class="left" title="…
Bungee Jumping — 2020-08-17 13:17:46
…first to //jump// of the bridge in top hat and tails and a bottle of champagne in hand followed by Simon Keeling. They used an elastic rope, known as a 'Bungee cord' (bungy or bungie) , to emulate and improve on a kind of urban vine jumping. …
… ~&"[We used] elastic ropes used to catch jet fighters landing on aircraft carriers, so I thought it would be OK." //David Kirke.// == Dangerous Sports…
Hydroelectric Power — 2020-08-17 09:05:43
…:: == Cragside built in 1863 == <<{{amazon type="book" items="1904794491" }}<< Water from one of the estate's lakes was used to drive a Siemens dynamo in what was the **world's first hydroelectric power station.** The electricity was also used …
Reinforced Concrete — 2020-08-17 08:53:02
…{{Image url="Reinforcing-of-Concrete.jpg" class="left" title="Concrete being poured onto Reinforcing" width="500" }} He used iron bars and wire rope to reinforce the concrete based on broken coke, sand and Portland cement in the floors of a two…
Stevenson Screen — 2020-08-17 08:38:43
…orologist Sir Thomas Stevenson (1818-1887), the father of Robert Louis Stevenson. The Stevenson Screen is the standard used by the World Meteorological Organization. The screens contain a dry bulb thermometer and a wet bulb thermometer. Large…
Cyclonic Vacuum Cleaner — 2020-08-15 09:18:21
… start to sell the G-Force. It was only available on the Japanese market and not sold under the Dyson name. James later used the money he earned from the G-Force to start up the UK Dyson company {{Image url="Dyson_G-Force.jpg" class="left" ti…
…et that Hoover as a company did not take the product technology off Dyson; it would have lain on the shelf and not been used." …
Milk of Magnesia — 2020-08-09 19:55:03
…s of the process included sodium, potassium bicarbonates and silicates, which when treated with sulphuric acid could be used as an artificial fertiliser. {{Image url="JamesMurrayPlaque.jpg" class="right" title="James Murray Plaque" width="" }} …
… == Honour == In 1829, Sir James Murray used a "condensed solution of fluid magnesia" preparation of he created from Magnesium sulphate to treat the Lord Lieutenant…
Greenwich Meridian — 2020-08-06 08:03:21
…h. The [[British_Empire| Empire]] needed a method for navigators to find their position at sea. Flamsteed and others used clocks and celestial objects for navigators but it wasn't until **John Harrison** invented his marine chronometer that …
…eenwich time. Nevil Maskelyne, Astronomer Royal 1765 to 1811, processed Flamsteeds charts into tables that could be used by navigators and cartographers to establish positions at sea or on land. {{Image url="PrimeMeridianRoofOpen.jpg" clas…
Christmas Traditions — 2019-12-27 02:21:30
…orning started about 400 years ago in Holland where children placed clogs next to the hearth. In Britain stockings were used instead of the clogs.|| == Yule Log == ||{{Image url="Yulelog.jpg" title="left" width="200" title="Yule Log" }}||The C…
…elts used to bring a large log inside on the winter solstice and burn it to celebrate the return of Sun God. The Cornish drew a m…
Angus Cattle — 2019-08-31 10:40:52
…less cattle are known to have existed in North Eastern [[Scotland]] since the mid 16th century. These local cattle were used by breeders. **Hugh Watson** became tenant of Keillor in Angus in 1808. He gathered stock widely and produced cattle of…
Motor Racing Circuit — 2018-05-20 20:38:53
…itain should have its own motor testing track to promote its car industry to help it compete and prosper in Europe. He used his own money in 1906 to build the nearly 3 mile long track that had two huge banked sections nearly 30 ft. high. It wa…
Theodolite — 2017-07-05 08:57:22
…1559. == Theodolite == A theodolite is a surveying instrument usually mounted on a tripod with adjustable legs. It is used in the field to obtain precise angular measurements for triangulation. == His book 'Pantometria' == Digges used the …
Banksy — 2017-06-19 21:04:17
…== {{Image url="dismaland1.jpg" class="right" title="Dismaland" width="500" }} In 2015 he created **Dismaland** at a disused lido area in **Weston-Super-Mare**. It was a clever twist on modern theme parks with a bleak, Banksy-style alternative …
Viagra — 2017-06-01 14:56:53
…left" width="200" }} Terrett was conducting a study on Sildenafil as a heart medicine when it was discovered that it caused increased blood to flow to the penis as a side effect. Actually, the pill didn't pan out as an effective treatment for …
Meccano — 2017-05-14 01:23:25
…Image url="Bigben.jpg" title="Big Ben Elizabeth tower" width="300" class="right" }} The key inventive step was when he used regular perforations in the structural pieces that could be used to join them together with nuts and bolts. By the end …
…l profit was made. == Meccano is Born == In September 1907, Hornby registered his famous "**Meccano**" trade mark and used this name on all new sets. In order to raise more capital to invest in a larger factory and plant, a company had to be …
Speedfit — 2017-05-11 00:37:50
…astic plumbing systems. Having started with air compressor fittings these useful quick connect/disconnect fittings are used for oil and water even at mains pressure and high temperatures. These fittings have revolutionized tube connection esp…
Tank — 2016-05-16 11:27:53
…ber **1916** during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette. The first full scale use of around **460 tanks** was the Mark IV used en masse at the **Battle of Cambrai** in 20 November 1917. The rhomboidal shape was chosen to give as long a track …
Mary Poppins — 2016-05-05 17:16:51
…unt, Helen Morehead, who lived in Woollahra, Sydney, and when she visited Travers (Helen Lyndon Goff) in **Queensland** used to say, "Spit spot, into bed", was the inspiration for the character. == Plot == The books centre on a magical Englis…

MUIB Made up in Britain