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  1. FAX — 2023-10-09 23:52:19
    …ed by Alexander Bain in 1843. He declared that: "a copy of any other surface composed of conducting and non-conducting materials can be taken by these means". {{TOC}} == Electric clocks 1841 == Bain had already invented the electric clock. Usin…
  2. Portland Cement — 2023-10-08 00:16:46
    …dth="200" }}||{{Image url="Severn_dam.jpg" class="right" width="200" }}|| Concrete is the most widely used construction material. Roads, bridges, schools, foundations of buildings, driveways and large office buildings are made of concrete. Some boa…
  3. LCD — 2023-09-23 15:53:09
    … effect. This was a pure field-effect and did not require the presence of impurities, and George focused on finding new materials for this. == Background == The liquid crystal materials known then had to be heated to 70ºC or more, usually decompo…
    …nt == This turned the field of research on LCDs into an expanding international activity, with adequate supplies of the materials being available, under licence, from Merck Ltd (then BDH Ltd), due to the foresight of Ben Sturgeon, their Research Di…
    …rector. Many companies exploited George’s materials in their LCDs, the most successful being large** Japanese** corporations. {{Image url="Early_seiko_watch.jpg" class=…
  4. Plastic — 2022-09-01 08:57:23
    …ence Museum" }}Parkes introduced his new material to great public interest at the '''1862''' **Great International Exhibition** in London and was awarded a prize medal. …
    …= Wildlife Conservation == Parkesine played an important roll in conservation. Parkes new plastic set into a hard horny material that he used to mimic ivory and tortoiseshell. No longer did animals need to be killed for this industry, protecting wi…
    …acuum cleaners, Stereos, TVs etc. == Too Durable == <<{{amazon type="book" items="1526301164" }}<< In the quest for a material that is highly durable this invention has grown into a modern environmental monster. Plastics can take decades to decom…
    …pose and modern industry has replaced many recyclable materials with plastic. This is especially so with single use items that are discarded and not reused blotting the oceans and co…
  5. Hip Replacement — 2021-08-20 11:18:03
    …efore Sir John's work, there had been partial hip replacements, known as hemiarthroplasties. Sir John Charnley, tested materials in his own legs to ensure they worked before implanting them in a patient. Sir John and his team had created a clean-a…
  6. Intraocular Lens — 2021-08-20 10:40:24
    …lder**, who was surgeon-oculist to the **Queen**. It was objected because ~'//an ophthalmic surgeon's job was to take material out of the eye, not to put it in//'; ~ and '//the operation demanded surgical skills on such a level that success woul…
  7. Sewing Machine — 2021-08-11 11:41:32
    … today's sewing machines. It had an overhead arm to take the stitching awl and a tensioning system. The awl pierced the material and a forked rod carried the thread through the hole, where it would be hooked underneath and moved to the next stitchi…
  8. Tarmac — 2021-08-09 21:38:37
    … horse drawn vehicles, but when cars started to become commonplace the surface became dusty and inadequate, the jagged material meant tyres often punctured. And when it rained, many roads became impassable due to ruts and mud. The process was an …
  9. Industrial Revolution — 2021-08-08 21:48:46
    … coke rather than charcoal to produce high-grade iron. This was a major step forward in the production of iron as a raw material for the Industrial Revolution. {{{toc}}}{{amazon type="menu" items="Darby, Industrial Revolution" }} == Abraham Da…
    … }} Abraham carried on his family's tradition of improving the art of smelting iron. To demonstrate the wonder of this material he built the **largest cast iron structure** ever seen. This **world first iron bridge** is over the river Severn at a …
  10. Plywood — 2021-08-08 18:44:16
    …ywood. {{Image url="plywood.png" class="left" title="plywood" width="340" }} ::cl:: == Plywood == Plywood is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood …
  11. Vaccination — 2021-08-07 23:07:23
    …er was widely ridiculed. Critics, especially the clergy, claimed it was repulsive and ungodly to inoculate someone with material from a diseased animal. A satirical cartoon of 1802 showed people who had been vaccinated sprouting cow's heads. Howeve…
  12. Marmite — 2021-04-03 10:38:16
    …B190105936 (A) ― 1902-02-20 HERON JOHN GB190106937 (A) ― 1902-02-06 */ {{{toc}}} == The Process == The basic raw material used in the manufacture of MARMITE is spent brewer's yeast, a substance whose original and only use was to ferment suga…
  13. Pencil — 2020-11-30 16:27:31
    …s near Keswick after a violent storm that had up rooted several trees. Shepherds checking their livestock found a black material under these trees tangled in the roots. {{Image url="Graphite.jpg" class="left" title="Pure Graphite" width="250" }} …
  14. Life Boat — 2020-08-17 09:00:19
    …*‘unimmergible’** boat. Lukin incorporated pockets of air in watertight bulkheads using cork and other lightweight materials in the structure, including a false iron keel adding weight to help keep the boat upright. == First Lifeboat == {{Im…

The emblem of Rule Britannia
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The emblem of Rule Britannia
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