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  1. Vacuum Flask — 2023-10-09 23:46:28
    …tandard rifle cartridge between 1891 and 1915. Cordite has been used since World War I till around the end of the 20th century, with the closure of the last World War II Cordite factory, ROF Bishopton. …
  2. Phototherapy — 2023-10-09 23:41:51
    …g from a simple observation by Cremer in 1956 aided by Sister Ward. It is widely acknowledged as one of the major 20th century advances in paediatrics. …
  3. Steam Engine — 2023-10-08 00:19:36
    …ft" title="Aeolipile" }} The first recorded steam device, the aeolipile, was invented by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century AD, but used only as a toy. ::c:: == Back in Britain == {{Image url="Somerset.jpg" class="left" width="150" title="Edw…
  4. Hovercraft — 2023-10-07 09:48:35
    …h inventor Christopher Cockerell (1910 - 1999) in **1956.** {{{toc}}} One of the most successful inventions of the 20th century, the Hovercraft, was originally tested in **1955** using an empty ""KiteKat"" cat food tin inside a coffee tin, a vacuu…
  5. Aluminium — 2023-10-04 16:04:17
    …ry]] :[[1800s]] {{{toc}}} Aluminium does not occur naturally in its purest form so it was not discovered until the 19th century with developments in chemistry and the advent of electricity. Aluminium was one of the newest metals to be discovered …
  6. Telegraph — 2023-09-23 15:56:52
    …ok him to view the telegraph in Mr Ronalds' garden. Charles Wheatstone was one of the outstanding academics of the 19th Century. He worked in his fathers music shop in Gloucester then in London developing musical instruments. His experiments with …
  7. 1200s — 2023-09-11 22:48:25
    …1200s :: Inventions in the 13th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  8. 1300s — 2023-09-11 22:47:59
    …1300s :: Inventions in the 14th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  9. 1400s — 2023-09-11 22:47:37
    …1400s :: Inventions in the 15th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  10. Winston Churchill — 2023-08-27 16:11:42
    …nighted="24 April 1953" width="" }} Winston Churchill is considered by many the **world's greatest leader** of the 20th century. {{toc}} === Blenheim 1874 === Churchill was born 1874 in [[Oxfordshire]], [[England]] in Blenheim palace. He is anoth…
  11. Pay Toilet — 2022-09-27 07:23:49
    …e="London" }} {{toc}} Maskelyne was an English stage magician. He invented the first modern pay toilet in the late 19th century. His door lock for London toilets required the insertion of a penny coin to operate it, hence the euphemism to "**spend…
  12. Loch Ness Monster — 2022-05-03 17:06:34
    … long and 750 feet deep" width="100%" height="200" }} The earliest written reference to a monster in Loch Ness is a 7th-century biography of Saint Columba, the Irish missionary who introduced Christianity to Scotland. In **565**, according to the …
  13. Cheddar cheese — 2022-05-03 17:03:04
    …ring the cheese. === Cheddar Gorge ~1170 === Cheddar Cheese has been produced in the gorge since at least the **12th century**. It does not have //Protected Designation of Origin// but only Cheddar produced from local milk within four counties…
  14. Hip Replacement — 2021-08-20 11:18:03
    … the body. == {{datediff from="1963" }} years on == The total hip replacement operation is seen as a landmark in 20th-century surgery, and is now one of the most performed elective surgical procedures in the world. Each year 35,000 hips are repl…
  15. Intraocular Lens — 2021-08-20 10:40:24
    …nvention there was nothing better other than removing the lens and wearing heavy spectacles. Attempts made in the 19th century to replace the lens within the eye with a glass lens failed disastrously. As glass, which is very inert, caused reactio…
  16. Fish and chips — 2021-08-14 20:10:50
    … subject to rationing. === Tommyfield 1860 === The dish grew popular in [[London]] and South East England in the 19th century. Charles Dickens mentions a "fried fish warehouse" in //Oliver Twist//, first published in 1838, while in the north of …
  17. Light Bulb — 2021-08-09 21:56:27
    …p with a pharmacist there. === Let there be Light === One of the first to produce electric light was made in the 18th century by E.Kinnersley and later by **Humphry Davy**, an English scientist. He experimented with electricity using an immense …
  18. Cowboy — 2021-08-09 21:03:46
    …title="Cowboy in Britain" width="" }} References go back to around 1620 but written proof starts to appear in late 17th century. For example Jonathan Swift, author of Gulliver's Travels, in 1725 use of cowboy to refer to nothing more than a boy te…
  19. Industrial Revolution — 2021-08-08 21:48:46
    …n cast iron, providing the basis for the development of rail transportation throughout the world in the late Nineteenth century. The first of Mushet's steel rails was delivered to Derby Midland Station, where it was laid down early in 1857 at a he…
  20. Sparkling Wine — 2021-08-08 20:32:53
    …nese this also resulted in much stronger glass bottles. These bottles proved so successful that by the end of the 17th century Britain was producing over 3 million bottles a year. Also, the English imported cork from Portugal which made a better…
    …upational hazard of winemaking. Sir Robert Mansell obtained a monopoly on glass production in England in the early 17th century and industrialised the process; his coal-powered factories in Newcastle upon Tyne produced much stronger bottles than w…
  21. Marmalade — 2021-08-08 18:49:30
    …eserve of orange marmalade but this recipe was spreadable, on toast. == So the Story Goes == Legend has it in the 18th century when a Spanish ship took refuge from a storm, in the harbour at Dundee. On board was a consignment of Seville Oranges -…
    …ass="right" title="Marmalade Keiller" width="300" }} The Scots moved marmalade to the breakfast table, and in the 19th century the English followed. James Boswell remarks that he and Samuel Johnson were offered it at breakfast in Scotland in 1…
  22. Salicylic acid — 2021-08-08 18:32:13
    …d for the process of inflammatory response. Salicylic acid was discovered by the Greek physician Hippocrates in the 5th century BC. Although this was known as a folk remedy Stone had wakened the medical profession to its potential. …
  23. Vaccination — 2021-08-07 23:07:23
    …erkeley and spent most the rest of his career as a doctor in his native town. == Terrifying Disease == In the the 20th century alone, it is estimated that smallpox was responsible for 300–500 million deaths. It may be the biggest killer in his…
    …as also keen on fossil collecting and horticulture. He died on 26 January 1823. == Infant Killer == In the eighteenth century, before Jenner, smallpox was a killer disease, as widespread as cancer or heart disease in the twentieth century but wi…
    … fledglings from the nest (contrary to the existing belief that the adult cuckoo did it) was only confirmed in the 20th century when photography became feasible and Jenner was **proved correct**. Having observed the behaviour, he demonstrated an a…
  24. Powered Flight — 2021-04-05 22:36:49
    … the science of flight to a point which it had never reached before and which it scarcely reached again during the last century." Wilbur Wright.^^ ::cl:: == William Samuel Henson 1843 == {{Databox Image="WilliamSamuelHenson.jpg" title="William Sa…
  25. Marmite — 2021-04-03 10:38:16
    …e company was founded in Burton-on-Trent. Alfred Oxford had taken out several patents in the closing years of the 19th century, most of which were for animal feeds. All were based on recycling the waste yeast from the huge brew-ing industry in th…
    …ink === [[http://www.marmite.co.uk Marmite]] === HP Sauce === HP Sauce was invented in England at the end of the 19th century by Mr **FG Garton**, a [[Nottinghamshire Nottingham]] grocer. He was down on his luck and couldn't pay his bills, so wh…
  26. Sport — 2020-11-30 00:32:47
    …opia around 1,000 BC. {{Image url="Field_hockey.jpg" class="right" width="100"}} Hockey in England in the 17th and 18th century consisted of whole villages playing the game with the objective of hitting the ball into the opposing villages' common …
    …yers hit a feathered shuttlecock back and forth with tiny rackets. The game was called "POONA" in India during the 18th Century, and British Army Officers stationed there brought the game back to England in the 1860's. The army men introduced the …
  27. 1500s — 2020-08-21 08:46:33
    …1500s :: Inventions in the 16th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  28. 1700s — 2020-08-06 08:21:08
    …1700s :: Inventions in the 18th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  29. 1600s — 2020-08-06 08:20:20
    …1600s :: Inventions in the 17th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  30. Greenwich Meridian — 2020-08-06 08:03:21
    …. Longitude, the position you are east or west, was still not possible to measure accurately. It was known in the 17th century that the earth turns 360° every day, or 15° every hour. So if you travelled 15° eastward, the local time moves one h…
  31. 1800s — 2020-08-06 07:54:29
    …1800s :: Inventions in the 19th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  32. 1900s — 2020-08-06 07:50:57
    …1900s :: Inventions in the 20th century. ---- {{Category}}…
  33. Christmas Traditions — 2019-12-27 02:21:30
    … drew a man on a log to commemorate the very old custom of human sacrifice by burning on a bonfire. Revived in the 12th Century, the Yule Log which was supposed to ward of the devil provided it burned continually until reduced to a pile of ashes.|…
    …ng == ||{{Image url="Xmaspudding.jpg" title="Christmas Pud" width="200" }}||This pudding can be traced back to the 14th century but has changed along the way. Now it is a very rich steamed pudding crammed with fruit a hint of Brandy and served wit…
  34. Angus Cattle — 2019-08-31 10:40:52
    …deen Scotland 1842 === Black hornless cattle are known to have existed in North Eastern [[Scotland]] since the mid 16th century. These local cattle were used by breeders. **Hugh Watson** became tenant of Keillor in Angus in 1808. He gathered stock…
  35. Theodolite — 2017-07-05 08:57:22
    …d Digges 1551 === ~-[[CategoryIndustry]] The theodolite surveying instrument was invented by Leonard Digges in the 16th century. Digges was a cartographer born in Barham, [[Kent]] around 1515 and died in 1559. == Theodolite == A theodolite is a …
  36. Billiards — 2016-06-23 11:09:55
    …ards**, a cue sport for two players on a green baize cloth covered table with pockets, has various forms from the 15th century in Europe. But what is known is that the first book of billiard rules was in English by **Charles Cotton** in **1647**…
  37. Pound Sterling — 2016-05-31 15:19:41
    … ranked in 4th place for trading. === King Offa 780 === The King of Mercia [[England]], in the latter half of the 8th Century, began the minting of the earliest English silver pennies. The pound was divided into 20 shillings and 240 silver penn…
  38. Whisky — 2016-05-26 10:22:03
    …Glass" width="" }} === Celts 900 === Distillation in Ireland and Scotland began gathering steam between 11th and 13th century. But records show that Ancient Celts practiced distillation during the production of their **"uisge beatha"** (//water…

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